PRRAC:THE TWELFTH YEAR

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BACKGROUND

The Poverty & Race Research Action Council (PRRAC) is a national nonprofit organization founded by major civil rights, civil liberties and anti-poverty groups to address problems at the intersections of race and poverty. It effectively began operation in 1990.

The impetus to establish PRRAC was the need for advocates and social science researchers to work together more closely in order to combat the continuing twin scourges of poverty and racism in the United States. The overlapping crises of housing/homelessness, poor educational performance, persistent unemployment and underemployment, declines in real wages and income supports, rising infant mortality and drug-related crime in poor communities have prompted national as well as local civil rights and civil liberties groups to reassess their own priorities. Traditional anti-poverty and legal services advocates have likewise begun to search for new allies, to update their priorities and to fashion new organizing strategies and legal theories that might meet the increasingly complex problems confronting the poor and racial minorities.

Most advocates have concluded that, to be effective, they must, more than ever before, pursue joint or cooperative strategies. Equally important, they have recognized that they must develop a deeper understanding of labor market economics, social psychology and rapid demographic changes in minority and poverty communities. Advocates need an infusion of the best information and social theory from social scientists. They also need a means to direct the research energies of social scientists towards questions of importance to their own clients.

PRRAC has two objectives. The first is to function as a forum for community-based activists, policy advocates, civil rights and anti-poverty attorneys, and science researchers who are working on behalf of the poor and racial minorities. The second is to commission, fund and disseminate social science research that can advance community-based activism, policy initiatives and litigation on behalf of these same persons. Through a range of networking functions and research funding, PRRAC hopes to fashion, publicize and replicate new strategies to address the problem of persistent poverty and racism in the United States.

NETWORKING/PUBLICATIONS/CONFERENCES

PRRAC continued to publish its bimonthly newsletter journal Poverty & Race (Vol. 12, Nos. 1-6).

Following up on PRRAC's October 1999 all-day Institute at Howard University, "Putting the ‘Movement' Back Into Civil Rights Teaching," co-sponsored with the Network of Educators on the Americas (NECA) and attended by some 300 K-12 educators from the DC area, a joint project (with NECA, recently renamed Teaching for Change) is under way to produce a similarly titled curriculum for nationwide use, complemented by teacher workshops. Speakers and resource people who participated in the Institute, as well as many others, are contributing materials, and several Institute presenters are serving on the Project Advisory Committee. Among those involved were/are: Bob Moses, Sonia Sanchez, Howard Zinn, Elsa Barkley Brown, Suzan Shown Harjo, Lynda Tredway, Martha Honey, Ezequiel Pajibo, Arnoldo Ramos, Luci Murphy, Gabriel Torre, Lea Ybarra, Elise Bryant, James Forman, Taylor Branch, Manijeh Gonzalez Fata, Maya Cameron, Charles Cobb, Don Freeman, Anne Gallivan & Sondra Hassan

Following up PRRAC's June 2000 by-invitation working conference ("High Student Mobility/ Classroom Turnover: How to Address It? How to Reduce It?") at Howard University Law School, arrangements have been made to edit a special issue of The Journal of Negro Education on this subject, for 2003 publication. A complementary handbook is planned to provide strategies for reducing mobility and addressing students’ and families’ needs created by such mobility.

In July, PRRAC co-sponsored (with the Black Radical Congress and other groups) and helped organize a talk by Prof. Vernellia Randall of the Univ. of Dayton Law School on “Reparations and Black Health: Repairing the Slave Health Deficit,” at the Plymouth Congregational United Church of Christ.

In March the Citizens Commission on Civil Rights, chaired by PRRAC Board member William L. Taylor, issued the 7th in its series of biannual reports chronicling “the progress of the incumbent administration, executive branch agencies and Congress in carrying pit both their moral and legal duties to end discrimination and advance civil rights and opportunities for all Americans.” Among the chapter are those by PRRAC Board Chair John Charles Boger (“The New Legal Attack on Educational Diversity in America’s Elementary and Secondary Schools”); PRRAC Board member john a. powell (“Urban Fragmentation as a Barrier to Equal Opportunity”); and PRRAC Exec. Dir. Chester Hartman (“High Classroom Turnover: How Children Get Left Behind.”)

GRANTMAKING

PRRAC made only one new grant in 2002, to Prof. Jianping Shen of the Western Michigan Univ. College of Education, for his project, “Having Minority Students Had a Fair Share of Quality Teachers?” He will draw on just-released federal Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS) data. Followup advocacy work will be done in conjunction with The Education Trust.

Reports were received from projects funded in 2000 and 2001:

+ Applied Research Center, Oakland, CA, for its Racial Justice Report Card project.

+ Common Sense Foundation, Raleigh, NC, to create a “Standardized Testing Guide” for North Carolina parents.

+ DC VOICE (District Community Voices Organized & Informed for Change in Education), a collaborative of parents, teachers and community members committed to ensuring every child in Washington, DC, a high-quality public education.

+ National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty, Washington, DC, for research on “shelter schools.”

+ North Carolina Justice & Community Development Center, Raleigh, NC, for a report documenting the achievement gap between minority and majority students in the state’s public schools.

.+ Rethinking Schools, Milwaukee, WI, for research to determine if there is a correlation between inequitable education funding in the Milwaukee metropolitan area and the racial composition of the districts in the area.

+ Jeannie Oakes and John Rogers, UCLA, with the ACLU of Southern California, to develop rigorous curricular opportunities for high school students and policy alternatives to the inequitable role of Advanced Placement courses in the Univ. of California admissions process.

Work continues on many of PRRAC’s previously funded projects, as well as the larger project the PRRAC Board has commissioned: “Housing and School Segregation: Government Culpability, Government Remedies.”

An updated descriptive listing of the ca. 100 projects PRRAC has funded to date and the products thereof is available from us upon request. It is also posted on PRRAC’s website: http://www.prrac.org/grants_reports.php.

We are seeking funding for further grantmaking, in specific areas and more generally — possibly via an endowment for this element of PRRAC's work. Looking cumulatively at PRRAC's small grants program, the most common substantive area of work is housing (and homelessness); other areas include health, education, employment, criminal justice, immigration, transportation, voting, domestic violence and the environment. Researchers funded included staff of advocacy organizations, academics (working independently on projects that will be of assistance to advocacy groups or in tandem with such groups) and members of grassroots organizations. Where organizations do not have access to appropriate research help, PRRAC draws on its network of researchers to locate such assistance.

In deciding which applications to fund, criteria — beyond the basic threshold requirements that the request be for research support around the intersection of race and poverty, and that the research directly support a planned, concrete advocacy agenda — include the importance of the advocacy effort, the utility and quality of the proposed research, the potential for success of both the research effort and advocacy work, the project's potential for publicity and dissemination, and its potential for replication elsewhere. PRRAC strongly encourages involvement of minority researchers. As projects are completed, opportunities for replicating the research and/or advocacy will be explored and, as appropriate and needed, advanced.

While the advocacy work advanced by PRRAC-supported research usually takes a while to implement, there are many successes to date. Some examples:

• The Clinica Legal Latina/Ayuda's research on domestic violence among DC-area immigrants helped in passage of federal legislation protecting the immigration status of women victimized by such abuse.
• The ACLU's research led to their successful suit challenging Alabama's racially discriminatory education system.
• The Legal Assistance Foundation of Chicago's research documenting the miseducation of homeless children helped pass state legislation guaranteeing such pupils an adequate education, and produced a litigation settlement with a similar result.
• Ed Kissam's research on the systematic undercount of farmworkers led to revision of Census Bureau enumeration procedures, in turn increasing population-based program funds.
• Yale Rabin and Joe Darden's documentation of the government role in creating racially segregated housing patterns in Allegheny County, PA, was a key element in producing an extraordinarily progressive consent decree in the Lawyers’ Committee For Civil Rights Under Law suit.
• The Labor/Community Strategy Center's research into racially discriminatory transit planning and implementation by the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority has been used to support their path-breaking, successful lawsuit; the suit raised a new area for Title VI and Constitutional concerns and enforcement, already being replicated and considered in other cities.
• Research by Yale Rabin critical of the public housing replacement plans in New Haven and Providence and his preparation of alternative plans have assisted Legal Services lawyers in both cities to secure improved plans for desegregated housing.

PRRAC made its second annual award under the Edith Witt Internship Program – a fund established by family and friends in memory of a former staff member of the San Francisco Human Rights Commission. The purpose of the Internship is to “help develop a new generation of community activists,” and each year a grant will be awarded to a grassroots community group working on social justice issues. The second award went to the Tellin’ Stories Project in DC (on education reform and parent involvement) and their intern, Sandra Cruz.

2002 PRRAC BOARD OF DIRECTORS

VICE-CHAIRS
Kati Haycock
The Education Trust
Washington, DC

José Padilla
California Rural Legal Assistance
San Francisco, CA

SECRETARY
john powell
University of Minnesota Institute on Race & Poverty
Minneapolis, MN

TREASURER
Shari Dunn Buron [until 8/01]
National Legal Aid & Defender Association/Power of Attorney
Washington, DC/NewYork, NY

Deepak Bhargava
Center for Community Change
Washington, DC

Sheila Crowley
National Low Income Housing Coalition
Washington, DC

Thomas Henderson
Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law
Washington, DC

Judith Johnson [until 9/02]
DeWitt Wallace-Readers Digest Fund
New York, NY

Elizabeth Julian
Dallas, TX

S.M. Miller
The Commonwealth Institute
Cambridge, MA

Don Nakanishi
University of California
Asian American Studies Center
Los Angeles, CA

Florence Wagman Roisman
Indiana University School of Law
Indianapolis, IN

Anthony Sarmiento
Working for America
AFL-CIO
Washington, DC

Theodore M. Shaw
NAACP Legal Defense & Educational Fund
New York, NY

Cathi Tactaquin
National Network for Immigrant and Refugee Rights
Oakland, CA

William L. Taylor
Washington, DC

[Organizations listed for identification purposes only]

2002 PRRAC STAFF

Chester Hartman
President/Executive Director

Denise Rivera Portis
Office Manager/Latino
Outreach Coordinator

Tracy Jackson [until 10/02]
Administrative Assistant

SOCIAL SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD

Richard Berk, UCLA Department of Sociology

Frank Bonilla, Hunter College Center for Puerto Rican Studies

Heidi Hartmann, Institute for Women's Policy Research (Washington, DC)

William Kornblum, CUNY Center for Social Research

Harriette McAdoo, Michigan State University School of Human Ecology

Fernando Mendoza, Stanford University Center for Chicano Research

Paul Ong, UCLA Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Planning

Gary Orfield, Harvard University Graduate School of Education

Gary Sandefur, University of Wisconsin Institute for Poverty Research

Margaret Weir, University of California-Berkeley, Departments of Sociology & Political Science